The vitamin D receptor (VDR) plays a role in several biological activities. It truly is mainly expressed in calcaneus tissues, including the parathyroid glands and kidneys. A VDR deficiency causes rickets, osteoporosis, and hair loss.

This protein is usually involved in cell differentiation, apoptosis, and calcium homeostasis. Several clinical studies have shown a mutation in the VDR gene can cause different health problems.

The word of VDR can be governed by innate, environmental, and chemical elements. Several genes have been recognized as target genetics for the VDR. Some of these include calcium-binding meats, calbindin D-9k, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 24-hydroxylase, and a retinoid Times receptor.

The VDR is normally phosphorylated on serine residues by a variety of health proteins kinases. In intact cellular material, the VDR is phosphorylated before calcium supplements uptake and calcium-binding proteins are activated. These phosphorylations happen to be ligand-dependent.

One of the major functions with the VDR is certainly its capability to bind the active contact form of vitamin D, calcitriol. It is additionally associated with the retinoid X receptor, which manages the activity of other nutritional D-responsive genetics.

The VDR is a member of the ubiquitin-proteasome read the article system. This pathway is certainly characterized by covalent attachment of Ub substances to target aminoacids. Subsequently, the protein are degraded through the 26S proteasome.

Numerous myeloid leukemia cell lines have been found to express the VDR. Amongst these, going around monocytes currently have higher amount protein than tissue macrophages.

The VDR is phosphorylated by casein kinase 2 in a ligand-dependent manner. This phosphorylation of Ser208 is reported to enhance interactions with coactivators.